Basalt Fiber Yarn Sustainable High-Performance Material Redefining Industrial Textiles
Basalt filament yarn is made of multiple basalt strands by primary twisting or without twisting (usually the filament diameter is under 9μm. Basalt twisted yarn can be divided into weaving yarns and industrial yarns, and weaving yarns are usually made into cylindrical or milk bottle shape packages. Basalt fiber yarn is a high-performance material derived from natural volcanic rock. By melting basalt at approximately 1,400–1,600°C and extruding it through fine bushings, manufacturers produce continuous filaments that are twisted and plied into yarn. This process requires no chemical additives, relying solely on a single-ingredient manufacturing approach.
Manufacturing Process
Production follows a precise four-stage protocol:
1. Raw Material Selection: Sourcing certified volcanic basalt with SiO₂ content >46%.
2. Melting & Homogenization: Arc furnaces maintain 1,500°C±5°C for over 72 hours.
3. Fiber Extrusion: Drawing molten basalt through platinum-rhodium bushings.
4. Twisting & Sizing: Multi-axis twisting (typically Z or S direction at 120–150 twists/meter) and application of silane-based coupling agents for enhanced resin bonding.
Specifications:
| Item No. |
Diameter (μm) |
Ends |
Tex |
Twist(tpm) |
Twist Direction |
| PBC7-22×2×S55 |
7±1 |
2 |
44±4 |
55±5 |
S |
| PBC9-33×4×S55 |
9±1 |
4 |
132±88 |
55±5 |
S |
| PBC7-22×4×S55 |
7±1 |
4 |
88±82 |
55±5 |
S |
| PBC9-36×6×S55 |
9±1 |
6 |
198±10 |
55±5 |
S |
| PBC7-22×1×2S95 |
7±1 |
2 |
44±4 |
95±5 |
S |
| PBC7-22×2×4S95 |
7±1 |
4 |
88±8 |
95±5 |
S |
| PBC9-33×2×4S95 |
9±1 |
4 |
132±8 |
95±5 |
S |
| PBC9-33×2×4S95 |
9±1 |
6 |
198±10 |
95±5 |
S |
Other specifications are available for customization.
- Mechanical properties for basalt fiber produced by Pasia
| Property |
Description |
| Type of fiber |
Continuous basalt fiber |
| Monofilament diameter [µm] |
From 9 to 31 |
| Linear density [tex] |
180-9600 |
| Type of sizing |
Silane or starch |
| Sizing content (% wt.) |
≥0.4 |
| Resin compatibility |
Polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy |
| Moisture content (% wt.) |
<0.1 |
| Thermal Properties |
| Melting Range: |
1460-1500°C |
| Crystalization temperature: |
1250°C |
| Sintering Temerature: |
1050°C |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/(m.K) |
0.031-0.038 |
| Tensile Strength Change by heating Pasia Basalt Fiber |
| Temperature |
+20°C |
+200°C |
+400°C |
| Tensile Strength Change |
100% |
95% |
80% |
Industrial Applications
· Aerospace & Automotive: Rocket motor casings (40% cost reduction vs. carbon fiber), hydrogen tank liners, brake pads, and friction materials. Recent innovations include "Metayarn" for spacesuits with 421% stretchability.
· Infrastructure & Construction: Seismic retrofit systems for bridges, concrete reinforcement, and crack resistance.
· Fire Protection: Fire curtains withstanding 1,100°C for 120+ minutes, welding blankets, and firefighting supplies.
· Industrial Insulation: Pipe insulation in nuclear plants (resists radiation degradation), cryogenic tank insulation, and sound absorption materials.
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